The Origin and Review of Historical Development of Computed Tomography (CT) Scan towards improving human Health diagnosis

Subject Area: Electrical Engineering

Computed tomography, are often formerly referred to as computerized axial tomography (CAT) scan, which is an X-ray procedure that combines many X-ray images with the aid of a computer to generate cross-sectional views and, if needed, three-dimensional images of the internal organs and structures of the body. It is commonly known by its abbreviated names, CT scan or CAT scan.CT scanners were first introduced in 1971 with a single detector for brain study under the leadership of Sir Godfrey Hounsfield, an electrical engineer at EMI (Electric and Musical Industries Ltd). Thereafter, it has undergone multiple improvements, with an increase in the number of detectors and a decrease in the scan time. The basic principle behind CT is "the internal structure of an object can be reconstructed from multiple projections of the object". Because of the importance of CT and its development, there have been many articles written about its history, including work in other fields. Over the past 30 years, technological developments of CT have contributed to the success of CT in many clinical applications such as trauma, oncology, cardiac imaging, and stroke. Advanced clinical applications have and will continue to demand more advanced technology development. The research findings affirm that CT scanning has evolved through seven generations due to technology advancements, leading to enhanced CT performance and significant clinical impact, especially in the diagnosis of cardiac diseases. These advancements have revolutionized the field, empowering clinicians to accurately diagnose and manage heart conditions with unprecedented precision and efficiency.